This 1926 cover shows a wooden stave pipe under construction in northern California. The 16-ft-dia, 1,318-ft-long conduit connected two concrete-lined tunnels at a hydroelectric plant on the Klamath River.
Work to complete 145-mile line to channel Canada hydropower to New England, halted in 2021 by a successful ballot measure and multiple legal battles, announced its restart after winning a court ruling last spring.
As cost and schedule pressures rise, controversial B.C. megaproject, set to commission in 2025, awaits key government ruling before reservoir filling can start this fall.
Even as India moves to complete by this fall a planned 45-MW hydroelectric project on the Indus River, it still faces objections from neighboring Pakistan to the structure's design and to the award of U.N. carbon credits.